Technical Vault

Resources & Technical Insights

Articles, research papers, case studies, and engineering guidelines on grid protection and SAS designs.

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Case Study โ€ข June 2026 โ€ข 8 min read

Retrofitting Legacy Relays at 220kV Grid Substation

A complete breakdown of our design process migrating outdated static distance relays to dual-redundant numerical line differential protection schemes with active IEC 61850 control interfaces.

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Technical Article โ€ข May 2026 โ€ข 12 min read

Understanding GOOSE Messaging & VLAN Tagging

An in-depth study of multicast high-speed peer-to-peer GOOSE communications inside substation process networks, detailing ethernet switch configurations, VLAN rules, and priority levels.

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Standards Guide โ€ข April 2026 โ€ข 15 min read

Substation Cyber Security & NERC-CIP Guidelines

Explaining physical security parameter rules, electronic access control boundaries, firewall configs, and password vault standards required under international smart grid specifications.

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Case Study โ€ข March 2026 โ€ข 10 min read

STATCOM Logic Integration for 150MW Solar Plant

Analyzing dynamic voltage support and reactive power control loop configurations designed for a renewable pooling grid interface, mitigating frequency drops during switch events.

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Technical Article โ€ข Jan 2026 โ€ข 6 min read

Current Transformer (CT) Saturation Calculations

A guide to choosing the correct class of CTs (5P20, PS, PX) for high-impedance differential protection schemes, preventing incorrect protection triggers during heavy external fault currents.

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